rpm与yum

rpm包的管理

rpm包的简单查询指令

查询已安装的rpm列表：rpm -qa|grep xx

[root@CentOS01 ~]# rpm -qa | grep sql
sqlite-3.7.17-8.el7_7.1.x86_64

查询指定包的详细安装信息：rpm -qi xx

[root@CentOS01 ~]# rpm -qi sqlite
Name        : sqlite
Version     : 3.7.17
Release     : 8.el7_7.1
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Thu 27 Jan 2022 04:12:35 AM CST
Group       : Applications/Databases
Size        : 814303
License     : Public Domain
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Wed 29 Jan 2020 12:54:30 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : sqlite-3.7.17-8.el7_7.1.src.rpm
Build Date  : Tue 28 Jan 2020 10:29:47 PM CST
Build Host  : x86-01.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://www.sqlite.org/
Summary     : Library that implements an embeddable SQL database engine

查询指定包安装后产生的文件：rpm -ql xx

[root@CentOS01 ~]# rpm -ql sqlite
/usr/bin/sqlite3
/usr/lib64/libsqlite3.so.0
/usr/lib64/libsqlite3.so.0.8.6
/usr/share/doc/sqlite-3.7.17
/usr/share/doc/sqlite-3.7.17/README
/usr/share/man/man1/sqlite3.1.gz

查询指定文件属于哪一个rpm包：rpm -qf xx

[root@CentOS01 /]# rpm -qf /etc/passwd
setup-2.8.71-11.el7.noarch

rpm包安装卸载

卸载rpm包：rpm -e xx

rpm -e sqlite
#强制卸载
rpm -e --nodeps sqlite

安装rpm包：rpm -ivh RPM包全路径名称

i=install 安装
v=verbose 提示
h=hash 进度条

yum

基本指令

查询yum服务器是否有需要安装的软件

yum list | grep xx软件

[root@CentOS01 /]# yum list | grep firefox
firefox.i686                             91.8.0-1.el7.centos           updates  
firefox.x86_64                           91.8.0-1.el7.centos           updates  
firefox-noscript.noarch                  11.0.3-3.el7                  epel     
firefox-pkcs11-loader.x86_64             3.13.6-1.el7                  epel                epel

yum反查

yum provides 关键词

安装指定yum包

yum install xxx

[root@CentOS01 /]# yum install firefox-pkcs11-loader.x86_64